UAS and UAS critical components

Covered List entry, verbatim: "Uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS) and UAS critical components produced in a foreign country—except: (a) UAS and UAS critical components included on the Defense Contract Management Agency's (DCMA's) Blue UAS Cleared List, until January 1, 2028; (b) UAS and UAS critical components that qualify as 'domestic end products' under the Buy American Standard, 48 CFR 25.101(a), until January 1, 2028; (c) devices which have been granted a Conditional Approval by DoW or DHS; and (d) foreign-produced 'Toy Drones,' as defined in the National Security Determination, and 'Toy Drones that contain foreign-produced components.' All communications and video surveillance equipment and services listed in Section 1709(a)(1) of the FY25 National Defense Authorization Act (Pub. L. 118-159)." Definitions, DA 25-1086 (47 CFR 88.5, incorporated by reference): "Uncrewed Aircraft (UA): An aircraft operated without the possibility of direct human intervention from within or on the aircraft." "Uncrewed Aircraft System (UAS): An Uncrewed Aircraft and its associated elements (including an uncrewed aircraft station, communication links, and the components not on board the UA that control the UA) that are required for the safe and efficient operation of the UA in the airspace of the United States." "UAS Critical Components: includes but is not limited to the following UAS components and any associated software: Data transmission devices; Communications systems; Flight controllers; Ground control stations and UAS controllers; Navigation systems; Sensors and Cameras; Batteries and Battery Management Systems; Motors." Toy Drone criteria, DA 26-588 (from the National Security Determination): "A device is considered a 'Toy Drone' only if it meets all of the below criteria: Maximum Take-off Weight is equal to or less than 150 grams; Operation is limited to line-of-sight operations equal to or less than 100 meters; Maximum sustained altitude must be equal to or less than 300 feet; No GPS/GNSS or equivalent system (e.g., no return-to-home, waypoint missions, or subject tracking); No connectivity or network capability (e.g., no connection to Internet, mobile apps, cellular networks, Wi-Fi), but may include a dedicated radio-frequency link between controller and drone, typically on 2.4 GHz or 5.8 GHz bands; No imaging or sensing capabilities (e.g., no photo/video camera, microphones, live video feed, onboard recording, or sensors capable of surveillance or data gathering on the toy); Flight time must be equal to or less than 10 minutes; Maximum horizontal speed must be equal to or less than 10 meters/second; Explicitly marketed as a toy for recreational use; No modular payload interface, such as airdrop and release mechanisms, search lights and strobes, and micro-FPV cameras and protection cages; Does not contain brushless motors; and Is not produced by an entity identified in Section 1709 of the Fiscal Year 2025 National Defense Authorization Act."

Added 2025-12-22; updated 2026-01-07, 2026-03-18, 2026-06-15, 2026-07-21. Sources: DA 25-1086 (definitions at p.8) · DA 26-22 · DA 26-588 (Toy Drone criteria at p.2).

Routers produced in a foreign country

Covered List entry, verbatim: "Routers produced in a foreign country, except routers which have been granted a Conditional Approval by DoW or DHS." Definition, DA 26-278: "Routers: For the purpose of this determination, the term 'Routers' is defined by National Institute of Science and Technology's Internal Report 8425A to include consumer-grade networking devices that are primarily intended for residential use and can be installed by the customer. Routers forward data packets, most commonly Internet Protocol (IP) packets, between networked systems." The notice separately states: "Production generally includes any major stage of the process through which the device is made, including manufacturing, assembly, design, and development."

Added 2026-03-23. Sources: DA 26-278 ("Routers" defined at p.10, Appendix C) · FCC FAQ on routers.

Foreign-produced power inverters

Covered List entry, verbatim: "Foreign-produced power inverters, except power inverters which have been granted a Conditional Approval by DoW or DHS." Original definitions, DA 26-786: "Power Inverter: For the purpose of this determination, the term 'power inverter' shall mean a device: (a) A bi-directional power device or system that converts direct current electricity to alternating current electricity, or converts alternating current electricity to direct current electricity, to include microinverters, string inverters, central inverters, and hybrid (battery-based) inverters; and (b) Contains components that enable remote communication, control, sensing, data-collection, or monitoring through Wi-Fi, cellular, Bluetooth, or other similar connections." "Foreign-Produced: the term 'foreign-produced' refers to any article that does not qualify as a 'domestic end product,' as that term is defined in 48 CFR § 25.101(a)." Revised definitions, DA 26-870 (Second Power Inverter National Security Determination): "Power inverters: The term 'power inverters' shall mean— (a) Changes dc power to ac power, to include bidirectional devices, that is intended for use in parallel with an electric utility to supply common loads and sometimes deliver power to the utility, i.e., a utility-interactive inverter as that term is defined in UL 1741 sections 2.1.23, 2.1.52; and (b) Contains, or is designed, equipped, or configured to accept, a component that enables remote communication, control, sensing, data-collection, or monitoring through Ethernet, Wi-Fi, cellular, Bluetooth, or other similar connections, whether wired or wireless." "Foreign-produced power inverters: The term 'foreign-produced power inverters' shall mean power inverters as defined above that are not either— (a) Eligible for the Advanced Manufacturing Tax Credit in 26 U.S. Code § 45X for domestic production or (b) A domestic end product as defined in 48 CFR § 25.101(a) because they are manufactured in the United States and the cost of domestic components exceeds 65% of the total component cost for items delivered in calendar years 2024 through 2028 or 75% for items delivered starting in calendar year 2029."

Added 2026-07-28; updated 2026-08-20. Sources: DA 26-786 ("power inverter" defined at p.10) · DA 26-870 (second NSD, revised definition at p.5) · FCC FAQ on robots and inverters.

Foreign-produced advanced robotic devices

Covered List entry, verbatim: "Foreign-produced advanced robotic devices, except advanced robotic devices which have been granted a Conditional Approval by DoW." Definition, DA 26-786: "Advanced Robotic Devices: For the purpose of this determination, the term 'advanced robotic devices' means: (A) A mechanical mobile device, including autonomous mobile robots, humanoid robots, and quadrupeds, that —   (i) Is capable of locomotion, obstacle avoidance, navigation, or movement on the ground;   (ii) Operates at a distance from a human operator or supervisor based on commands or in response to sensor data or any combination thereof; and   (iii) The combined weight of the device and, if applicable, ground station or docking station is over 4.4lbs; and   (iv) Contains a component falling within each of the below subparagraphs:     (i) a sensor capable of perceiving its environment;     (ii) a component that is capable of providing network connectivity (wired or wireless, including Bluetooth/WiFi, cellular, or satellite) with connection speeds of at least 200 kbps in either direction; and     (iii) software running either locally or remotely, including firmware and AI or machine-learning model weights, that controls the robot's autonomous navigation or movement perception, data collection, or remote command-and-control; and (B) Does not include:   (i) A 'connected vehicle,' as that term is defined in 15 CFR § 791.301, but including a connected vehicle of any gross weight;   (ii) A vehicle operated only on a rail line;   (iii) An 'uncrewed aircraft' or 'uncrewed aircraft system,' as defined in 47 CFR § 88.5;   (iv) An unmanned underwater vehicle that is able to operate without a human occupant;   (v) Items that are classified as devices under section 513 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. §360c), including surgical instruments, medical and surgical robotic systems, external limb prostheses and their components, and ambulatory and mobility assistive devices (such as canes, crutches, walkers, and wheelchairs), whether or not powered, and whether the item was cleared under section 510(k), approved under section 515, classified under section 513(f)(2), or exempt from premarket notification; and   (vi) A fixed, stationary, non-mobile robot, including articulating, parallel/delta, Cartesian/gantry, or Selective Compliance Assembly, or Articulated, Robot Arm (SCARA) robots intended for industrial or medical use."

Added 2026-07-28. Sources: DA 26-786 ("advanced robotic devices" defined at p.14–15) · FCC FAQ on robots and inverters.